Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure used to stimulate nerve cells in the brain using magnetic fields. It is primarily employed in the treatment of depression, particularly in cases where traditional treatments like medication or psychotherapy have been ineffective

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) works by using magnetic fields to stimulate specific regions of the brain involved in mood regulation, particularly the prefrontal cortex, which is often underactive in individuals with depression. The magnetic pulses generated during TMS induce electrical currents in the brain, which can modulate neuronal activity. This stimulation helps to "retrain" the brain's neural circuits, improving communication between different regions that regulate emotions and cognitive function. Over time, repeated stimulation can promote neuroplasticity, allowing the brain to reorganize itself and function more effectively. This increased neural activity is believed to alleviate symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions.

TMS has been shown to be highly effective, particularly for treating major depressive disorder (MDD), especially in patients who do not respond well to antidepressants or psychotherapy. Clinical studies suggest that around 80% of patients experience significant improvement in their depressive symptoms, and about 50% achieve full remission.

TMS therapy is generally well-tolerated and considered a comfortable procedure for most patients. During the session, an electromagnetic coil is placed on the scalp, and patients feel a tapping sensation or mild knocking on the head as the magnetic pulses are delivered. Some people may also experience slight discomfort or tingling at the treatment site, particularly in the first few sessions, but this usually lessens over time. There may be an audible clicking sound as the machine operates, and patients often wear earplugs to reduce any noise-related discomfort.

TMS is generally well-tolerated, with most side effects being mild and temporary. The most common side effect is discomfort or mild pain at the treatment site, particularly during the first few sessions, which usually decreases as the scalp becomes accustomed to the stimulation.

A typical course of TMS therapy lasts about 4 to 6 weeks, with patients receiving treatment five days a week. Each session generally lasts between 20 to 40 minutes, depending on the specific protocol being used and the individual's condition